Physical Activity Patterns Across Life Domains in Chinese Older Adults Aged 60–79 Years — China, 2020

Chaoqun Fan¹; Qiang Feng¹; Jingjing Wang¹; Chengdong Xu²; Yuehua Hu³; Zonghao Sun¹;Kai Xu⁴; Mei Wang^1,5,#

1. National Fitness and Scientific Exercise Research Center, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China;

2. State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;

3. Office of Epidemiology, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China;

4. College of Sport and Human Science, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China;

5. College of Sport and Human Science, Tianjin Sport Institute, Tianjin, China.

# Corresponding authors: Mei Wang, wangmei@ciss.cn.

Physical inactivity among older adults represents a growing global concern. Understanding the characteristics and determinants of physical activity patterns (PAPs) is crucial for developing targeted physical activity (PA) promotion strategies for diverse subgroups. This study analyzed data from 39,957 adults aged 60–79 years recruited from 31 Provincial-level administrative divisions (PLADs) through the 2020 Chinese National Survey on Adults' Fitness. Participants completed comprehensive questionnaires and underwent physical fitness assessments. The self-administered questionnaire captured demographic characteristics, living environment conditions, life satisfaction, and stress levels. PA was evaluated under normal conditions using a domain-specific questionnaire that measured weekly activity across leisure, occupational, transport, and home domains, along with sedentary behavior. Physical fitness measurements encompassed anthropometric parameters (height, weight, body fat percentage), cardiorespiratory fitness (lung capacity, 2-minute step test), muscular strength (grip strength), flexibility (sit and reach test), functional capacity (30-second chair stand test), balance (one-leg standing with eyes-closed test), and neuromuscular function (reaction time test). K-means clustering analysis is used for identifying PAPs. K-means clustering analysis identified three distinct PAPs among Chinese older adults: low activity (LA) cluster (n=21,291, 53.3%), active leisure (AL) cluster (n=12,543, 31.4%), and active home (AH) cluster (n=6,123, 15.3%). The AL cluster demonstrated superior psychological status, physical fitness, and built environment conditions compared to both AH and LA clusters, while the AH cluster exhibited better physical fitness and built environment characteristics than the LA cluster. These findings reveal distinct PA profiles across various life domains among older adults. The observed inter-cluster differences suggest that targeted intervention strategies and policies may benefit different elderly subgroups, particularly through enhanced social psychological and built environment support, coupled with precise guidance for promoting physical health.

基于多生活领域分析的60-79岁中国老年人身体活动模式 — 中国， 2020年

范超群¹；冯强¹；王晶晶¹；徐成东²；胡跃华³；孙宗豪¹；徐凯⁴；王梅^1,5,#

1. 国家体育总局体育科学研究所国民体质与科学健身研究中心，北京，中国；

2. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室，北京，中国；

3. 中国疾病预防控制中心流行病学办公室，北京，中国；

4. 南京体育学院运动健康学院，南京市，江苏省，中国；

5. 天津体育学院运动人体科学学院，天津，中国。

^# 通信作者: 王梅，wangmei@ciss.cn。

老年人身体活动不足情况日趋严重，引发全球广泛关注。分析老年人身体活动模式的特征及影响因素，可以为不同亚组人群身体活动促进策略的制定提供支撑。本研究分析了2020年中国第五次国民体质监测在31省招募的39957名60-79岁老年受试者数据。受试者均完成了综合性问卷调查和体质测试。通过自填问卷获得了社会人口学、居住环境条件、生活满意度和压力状况等信息。通过身体活动问卷条目获得在正常情况下老年人一周内休闲、职业、交通和家庭领域的身体活动及静坐行为情况。在体质测试中采集受试者身体形态（身高、体重、体脂百分比）、心肺功能（肺活量、2分钟原地高抬腿）、肌肉力量（握力）、功能能力（30秒坐站）、柔韧素质（坐位体前屈）平衡能力（闭眼单腿站立）和神经功能（反应时）等指标测试结果。使用K-means聚类算法对不同生活领域不同强度身体活动时间进行聚类并识别身体活动模式。通过K均值聚类获得了中国老年人三类身体活动模式：低身体活动组（n=21,291，53.3%）、高身体活动组（n=12,543，31.4%）和家庭活跃组（n=6,123，15.3%）；高身体活动组的心理状态、身体素质和所处建筑环境明显优于家庭活跃组和低身体活动组；与低身体活动组相比，家庭活跃组在身体素质和所处建筑环境方面更具优势。本研究揭示了基于不同生活领域的老年人身体活动特征。观察到的各组间差异表明，有针对性的干预措施和政策可能会使不同老年群体受益，特别是加强社会心理和建成环境支持，以及促进体质健康的精准指导等。

For more information: https://weekly.chinacdc.cn/en/article/doi/10.46234/ccdcw2025.031

Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Relevant Consequences of Mobile Phone Dependence Among Middle School Students — Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China, 2023

Chang Wang¹; Haiyuan Zhu²; Rong Lin¹; Hui Liu¹; Jinrong Li¹; Minying Sun¹; Weiquan Lin¹; Qin Zhou¹; Bing Huang³; Jierong Zhao³; Yingyu Yang⁴; Ying Li⁴; Qiqi Wu²; Runquan Zhang²; Xiaomei Dong^2,#

1. Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Guangzhou Health Supervision Institute), Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China;

2. Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China;

3. Guangzhou Liwan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China;

4. Guangzhou Nansha District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China.

# Corresponding author: Xiaomei Dong, tdongxm@jnu.edu.cn.

With the popularity of smart phones, mobile phone dependence (MPD) has become a public health issue of great concern worldwide, especially among middle school students. It can not only lead to physical and mental health problems such as eyestrain, anxiety, and depression, but also increase the risk of safety accidents due to distraction. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of MPD among middle school students in Guangzhou in 2023, identify its risk factors and examine the consequences associated with excessive phone use. From April to May 2023, a total of 1,928 students from 4 junior high schools and 4 senior high schools in Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province were recruited through multi-stage cluster random sampling. The Mobile Phone Dependence Scale for Middle School Students (MPD Scale) consisting of 16 items with a maximum score of 80 was used. A score above 48 indicates MPD. SPSS 26.0 was used for statistical analysis. A total of 1,928 questionnaires were collected, of which 1,883 were valid. The overall prevalence of MPD in this study was 10.0%, with 7.3% among junior high school students and 12.4% among senior high school students. Logistic regression showed that female sex, higher grade level, authoritarian paternal parenting style, extended phone usage duration, and specific motivations for phone use were associated with the risk of MPD. The prevalence of injury due to distraction by phone was 29.4% in the MPD group, which was significantly higher than that of the non-MPD group (10%). This study provides up-to-date data on the prevalence of MPD among middle school students in Guangzhou and reveals multiple associated factors for its development. Females and high school students should be particularly concerned as high-risk groups. To reduce the risk of MPD occurrence, families are encouraged to adopt democratic parenting styles and promote students’ healthy phone use habits. In addition, preventing MPD may help reduce the risk of unintentional injuries due to mobile phone distraction.

中学生手机依赖的流行情况、风险因素及相关后果 — 广州市，广东省，中国， 2023年

王畅¹；朱海源²；林蓉¹；刘慧¹；黎金荣¹；孙敏英¹；林伟权¹；周琴¹；黄冰³；赵洁荣³；杨莹钰⁴；李瑛⁴；吴绮琦²；张润权²；董晓梅^2,#

1. 广州市疾病预防控制中心（广州市卫生监督所），广州市，广东省，中国；

2. 公共卫生与预防医学系，基础医学与公共卫生学院，暨南大学，广州市，广东省，中国；

3. 广州市荔湾区疾病预防控制中心，广州市，广东省，中国；

4. 广州市南沙区疾病预防控制中心，广州市，广东省，中国。

^# 通信作者：董晓梅，tdongxm@jnu.edu.cn。

随着智能手机的普及，手机依赖（Mobile Phone Dependence, MPD）已成为全球范围内，尤其是中学生群体中备受关注的公共卫生问题。MPD不仅可能导致眼疲劳、焦虑、抑郁等身心健康问题，还可能因分心而增加安全事故的发生风险。本研究旨在评估2023年广州市中学生MPD的流行情况，识别其风险因素，并分析手机过度使用的相关后果。2023年4月至5月，通过多阶段整群随机抽样方法分别选取广州市4所初中和4所高中共1928名学生作为样本，进行横断面调查研究，采用中学生手机依赖量表（MPD Scale）评估MPD的流行情况，该量表包含16个项目，总分80分，若得分超过48分则判定为MPD。采用SPSS 26.0软件进行统计分析。共收集1928份问卷，其中有效问卷1883份，有效率为97.67%。广州市中学生MPD总体流行率为10.0%，其中初中生为7.3%，高中生为12.4%。二分类logistic回归分析显示，女性、高年级、父亲权威型教养方式、休息日手机使用时间超过6小时以及使用手机动机为进行人际交流/自我表达和娱乐者与MPD风险增加有关。MPD组中因过度关注手机而受伤的发生率为29.4%，显著高于非MPD组的10%。本研究为广州市中学生MPD的流行情况提供了最新数据，并揭示了其发展的多个风险因素。女性和高中生作为高风险群体，应特别关注。为降低MPD发生风险，鼓励家庭采用民主型教养方式，并开发实施针对性的教育项目，促进中学生养成健康的手机使用习惯。此外，减少MPD的发生，对于降低因手机分心而引起的意外伤害风险至关重要，这是一个亟待关注和解决的紧迫问题。

For more information: https://weekly.chinacdc.cn/en/article/doi/10.46234/ccdcw2025.032

Detection Rate and Risk Factors of Abnormal Spinal Curvature Among Children and Adolescents — Jiangsu Province, China, 2021–2023

Yuanyuan Li^1,&; Yao Xiang^2,&; Yan Wang²; Xiyan Zhang²; Yiliang Xin²; Hui Xue¹; Xiaoyan Ni¹;Jie Yang^2,#; Wei Du^1,#

1. Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China;

2. Department of Child and Adolescent Health Promotion, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China.

& Joint first authors.

# Corresponding author: Jie Yang, july-summer@jscdc.cn; Wei Du, duwei@seu.edu.cn.

Spinal curvatures have emerged as the third major chronic condition seriously threatening the physical and mental health of Chinese children and adolescents. Public health surveillance of children’s and adolescents’ spinal curvature abnormalities is crucial for the development of targeted interventions. This study aimed to evaluate the detection rates of spinal curvature abnormalities and its risk factors in children and adolescents in Jiangsu Province. We employed the population based “Surveillance for Common Disease and Health Risk Factors Among Students” project implemented from September to November each year from 2021 to 2023 in Jiangsu Province. Abnormal spinal curvature was measured by the national “Technical Guide for Prevention and Control of Abnormal Spinal Curvature in Children and Adolescents”. We assessed the detection rates and used the multivariate logistic regression model to evaluate factors associated with abnormal spinal curvature. The annual detection rates of abnormal spinal curvature during the study period were 2.6%, 1.8%, and 2.3%, respectively, in children and adolescents aged 6–17 years. The detection rate of spinal curvature abnormalities increased with age and was higher among girls than boys. Adequate physical activity, sleep and correct reading and writing postures were protective against spinal curvature abnormalities. Low body weights were associated with increased risk of spinal curvature abnormalities. The emerging burden of abnormal spinal curvature in children and adolescents calls for close attention and public health intervention strategies especially for high school students as well as girls. In addition to the development of early lifestyle intervention strategies such as sufficient outdoor activities, proper referral to public health specialists and orthopedic surgeons may provide additional alleviation in risk mitigation. Multisectoral collaborations plus parental involvement are also essential to secure public health gains.

儿童青少年脊柱弯曲异常流行状况及相关因素分析 — 江苏省，中国，2021–2023年

李媛媛^1,&；项耀^2,&；王艳²；张锡彦²；信义亮²；薛慧¹；倪晓燕¹；杨婕^2,#；杜伟^1,#

1. 环境医学工程教育部重点实验室，东南大学公共卫生学院，南京市，江苏省，中国；

2. 江苏省疾病预防控制中心儿童青少年健康促进所，南京市，江苏省，中国。

^& 共同第一作者。

^# 通信作者: 杨婕，july-summer@jscdc.cn；杜伟，duwei@seu.edu.cn。

脊柱异常弯曲已经成为影响中国儿童青少年身心健康的第三大慢性疾病。本研究旨在评估江苏省儿童和青少年脊柱弯曲异常的检出率，并探讨与脊柱弯曲异常相关的风险因素，以期为制定针对性的干预措施提供科学依据。本研究采用了江苏省"学生常见病及健康危险因素监测 "项目数据，该项目于2021年至2023年每年9月至11月实施，对江苏省儿童青少年开展脊柱弯曲异常筛查以及问卷调查。采用《儿童青少年脊柱弯曲异常防控技术指南》判断脊柱弯曲异常情况计算检出率，并运用多变量逻辑回归模型评估与脊柱弯曲异常相关的风险因素。研究结果显示，6–17 岁儿童和青少年脊柱弯曲异常的年检出率分别为2.6%、1.8%和2.3%。随着年龄的增长，脊柱弯曲异常的检出率呈现上升趋势，且女生检出率高于男生。逻辑回归分析表明，充足的体育活动和睡眠以及正确的读写姿势对预防脊柱弯曲异常有保护作用；而体重过轻可能增加脊柱弯曲异常的风险。本研究提示江苏省儿童和青少年脊柱弯曲异常问题需引起高度重视，并制定公共卫生干预策略，特别是针对高中生和女孩群体。除了加强早期生活方式干预（如充足的户外活动）外，还需要个体、家庭、学校和社会各方的共同努力。

For more information: https://weekly.chinacdc.cn/en/article/doi/10.46234/ccdcw2025.033

Variation in and Factors Associated with Youth Self-Harm in College Students — Jiangsu Province, China, 2019–2023

Hui Xue^1,&; Xin Wang^2,&; Yiwen Hua¹; Xiyan Zhang²; Wenyi Yang²; Xiaoyan Ni¹; Yong Tian¹; Lijun Fan¹; Jie Yang^2,#; Wei Du^1,#

1. Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China;

2. Department of Child and Adolescent Health Promotion, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China.

& Joint first authors.

^# Corresponding author: Jie Yang, july-summer@jscdc.cn; Wei Du, duwei@seu.edu.cn.

Self-harm represents a significant public health challenge, particularly affecting young adults. This study evaluated prevalence rates and identified individual- and college-level risk factors for self-harm among college students in Jiangsu Province. Using data from the 'Surveillance for common disease and health risk factors among students in Jiangsu Province' program during 2019–2023, we employed multilevel logistic regression models to account for potential clustering within sampled colleges and to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for person- and college-level factors. Dynamic analyses were conducted with repeated modeling by year. Youth self-harm rates fluctuated between 2.21% and 3.83% during the study period. Self-harm was strongly associated with unhealthy lifestyles, particularly internet addiction (OR: 2.50, 95% CI: 1.91, 3.24), while regular family psychological forums were associated with decreased risk (OR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.55, 0.95). Our findings emphasize the necessity of on-campus psychosocial support and highlight the importance of leveraging family-college collective resources with targeted interventions, especially for high-risk groups exhibiting unhealthy lifestyles, particularly internet addiction.

大学生自伤行为的变化及相关因素分析 — 江苏省，中国，2019–2023年

薛慧^1,&；王欣^2,&；华旖雯¹；张锡彦²；杨文漪²；倪晓燕¹；田勇¹；范丽君¹；杨婕^2,#；杜伟^1,#

1. 环境医学工程教育部重点实验室，东南大学公共卫生学院，南京市，江苏省，中国；

2. 儿童青少年健康促进所，江苏省疾病预防控制中心，南京市，江苏省，中国。

^& 共同第一作者。

^# 通信作者：杨婕，july-summer@jscdc.cn；杜伟，duwei@seu.edu.cn。

青少年自伤是不可忽视的公众健康挑战，对学校家庭社会影响深远。本研究旨在评估江苏省大学生自伤行为的自报检出率，识别个人和大学层面的关联因素，为防控提供证据支撑。基于2019至2023江苏省学生常见病和健康影响因素项目，考虑到可能存在的学校聚集性，本研究采用多水平logistic回归模型对每年监测数据重复建模开展动态分析，依据比值比（OR）及95%置信区间（CI）评估自伤行为和个人生活方式等特征与高校心理危机干预等措施之间的关联。研究发现，大学生自伤的自报检出率五年内在2.21%–3.83%之间波动；不健康的生活方式尤其是网络成瘾与自伤风险比值比增加紧密相关（OR: 2.50，95% CI: 1.91，3.24）; 而高校定期举办家庭心理教育论坛伴随着自伤风险比值比下降（OR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.55，0.95）。研究结果强调了大学生自伤有效防控应充分考虑个性化需求，关注家校联防联动，同时揭示了高校持续提供校园心理支持的必要性，通过更精准的目标群体定位，提倡健康生活方式，重点干预网瘾高危群体。

For more information: https://weekly.chinacdc.cn/en/article/doi/10.46234/ccdcw2025.034

Advances in HPV-Associated Cervical Cancer Dynamic Modelling for Prevention and Control Evaluation

Yuxi He¹; Han Ni¹; Wentao Kuang¹; Liuyi Fu¹; Shanghui Yi¹; Wenting Zha^1,#; Yuan Lyu¹

1. Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China.

^# Corresponding authors: Wenting Zha, 201730194037@hunnu.edu.cn.

Cervical cancer is a common malignancy in women, with persistent HPV infection as its primary cause. Understanding the progression from HPV infection to cervical cancer is crucial. Mathematical models play a key role in converting clinical trial data into long-term health forecasts, helping decision-makers tackle challenges posed by limited data and uncertain outcomes. This paper reviews transmission dynamics models and advancements in simulating HPV transmission leading to cervical cancer. It evaluates preventive and control measures, focusing on the impact of HPV vaccination across different vaccine types, doses, age groups, and both genders. These model-based assessments aim to provide insights for developing effective strategies to prevent and control HPV-related cervical cancer.

动力学模型在HPV-宫颈癌防控效果评估中的研究进展

贺雨曦¹；倪涵¹；匡文韬¹；符刘懿¹；易尚辉¹；查文婷^1,#；吕 媛¹

1.分子流行病学湖南省重点实验室，医学院，湖南师范大学，长沙市，湖南省，中国。

^# 通信作者：查文婷, 201730194037@hunnu.edu.cn。

宫颈癌是女性最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）持续感染是宫颈癌发生的主要原因。HPV感染向宫颈癌发展是一个复杂的过程，跨越时间长、发生概率低，目前难以通过临床试验直接验证。而数学模型能够将临床试验所发现的短期现象转化为对长期健康结果的预测，并在数据缺乏和结果不确定的情况下，协助决策者制定应对措施。本文综述了HPV感染-宫颈癌传播过程模拟和防控措施评估的动力学模型及研究进展，从模型角度对不同价次、不同剂次、跨年龄两性HPV疫苗接种等防控效果进行评估，为制定全面有效的疾病防控策略提供参考。

For more information: https://weekly.chinacdc.cn/en/article/doi/10.46234/ccdcw2025.035