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The statistics regarding adjusted mortality rates, ASMR, and estimated CVD deaths nationwide in 2019 were shown in Table 1. The mortality rate for all CVD deaths were 364.5 per 100,000 population, 387.6 per 100,000 for males, and 340.9 per 100,000 for females. An estimated of 5.09 million people died because of CVD in 2019, of whom 2.76 million were male and 2.33 million were female. Stroke was the leading cause of death, and the mortality rate and ASMR were 171.6 per 100,000 and 130.0 per 100,000, respectively. The second major cause was ischemic heart diseases, and the mortality rate and ASMR were 147.3 per 100,000 and 142.1 per 100,000, respectively. Stroke and ischemic heart diseases were the two major causes of CVD deaths for both genders. The number of deaths caused by the 2 diseases was estimated to be over 4.45 million and accounted for over 87% deaths of all CVD deaths.
ICD-10 Cause Mortality rate (per 100,000) ASMR (per 100,000) Estimated number of deaths Both Male Female Both Male Female Both Male Female I00–I99 Cardiovascular diseases 364.5 387.6 340.9 276.0 325.7 229.0 5,090,379 2,763,498 2,326,881 I01–I09 Rheumatic heart diseases 4.7 4.0 5.4 3.6 3.3 3.7 65,637 28,632 37,005 I10–I13 Hypertensive heart diseases 26.4 25.3 27.6 19.9 21.4 18.1 368,686 180,341 188,345 I20–I25 Ischemic heart diseases 147.3 152.1 142.1 111.4 128.6 94.7 2,057,100 1,085,879 971,221 I60–I69 Stroke 171.6 189.7 153.3 130.0 158.1 103.8 2,396,458 1,351,142 1,045,316 I40–I42, I51.4–I51.6 Cardiomyopathy and myocarditis 1.9 2.1 1.6 1.5 1.9 1.2 26,534 15,343 11,191 Abbreviation: ICD-10=International Classification of Diseases 10th revision. Table 1. Mortality rate, age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), and estimated deaths of cardiovascular diseases categorized by sex in China, 2019.
The mortality rate and ASMR of CVD in different areas and regions were demonstrated in Table 2. In 2019, the ASMR of CVD in rural areas was 294.8 per 100,000, which was higher than that in urban areas (241.7/100,000). For different regions, the ASMR was the lowest in the eastern region, followed by the western region, and was the highest in the central region, with 242.6/100,000, 286.0/100,000, and 313.0/100,000, respectively. Stroke was still the most common cause of deaths in different areas and regions, and ASMR was the highest in western rural areas, reaching 154.0/100,000. In eastern urban areas, ischemic heart disease surpassed stroke and became the leading cause of death among CVD, with the ASMR reaching 95.1/100,000.
Item Total East Central West Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Mortality rate Cardiovascular diseases 331.0 382.0 358.7 324.3 378.8 393.1 351.2 410.4 336.1 320.2 345.1 Rheumatic heart diseases 4.1 5.1 3.4 3.2 3.6 4.7 3.2 5.3 6.5 6.2 6.9 Hypertensive heart diseases 21.9 28.8 24.6 19.4 27.6 30.8 24.9 33.3 23.3 22.5 23.8 Ischemic heart diseases 141.0 150.5 149.8 146.0 152.0 164.5 150.6 170.3 120.8 123.0 119.4 Stroke 149.3 183.2 164.9 137.8 180.6 183.0 162.8 191.3 167.4 152.8 175.7 Cardiomyopathy and myocarditis 1.7 2.0 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.2 3.8 2.7 4.5 Age-standardized mortality rate Cardiovascular diseases 241.7 294.8 242.6 212.7 260.6 313.0 274.9 329.2 286.0 257.6 303.8 Rheumatic heart diseases 3.0 3.9 2.3 2.2 2.4 3.7 2.5 4.2 5.7 5.1 6.1 Hypertensive heart diseases 15.8 22.0 16.3 12.5 18.6 24.5 19.3 26.8 19.9 18.0 20.9 Ischemic heart diseases 102.5 116.1 100.9 95.1 104.5 131.1 118.1 136.7 103.1 99.3 105.4 Stroke 109.1 141.2 111.8 90.7 124.3 145.2 127.1 152.9 141.8 122.3 154.0 Cardiomyopathy and myocarditis 1.3 1.6 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.0 3.3 2.2 4.0 Table 2. Mortality rate (per 100,000) and age-standardized mortality rate (per 100,000) of cardiovascular diseases categorized by area and region in China, 2019.
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