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CCDC Weekly RSS Feed2022 Vol. 4, No. 15
Cancer is a major global public health problem and the leading cause of death in China. China has a large population, and therefore has a significant proportion of the global burden of cancer.
The age-standardized incidence of cancer has increased in China, while the cancer mortality rate has decreased. Compared with younger age groups, individuals over 70 have a greater burden of cancer. Digestive tract cancer and breast cancer should be targeted for prevention, treatment, and control.
To effectively reduce the burden of cancer, early screening of key populations and age groups should be strengthened, and targeted and precise prevention and control strategies should be adopted.
Malignant tumors are common chronic non-communicable disease and have caused serious health hazards to residents and heavy economic burden of disease to the society.
This is the first report on the economic burden of multiple types of malignant tumors in Yichang City. In 2019, the direct medical burden of lung cancer in Yichang was the highest, reaching 561.67 million CNY, and the indirect economic burden of lung cancer in Yichang was higher than that of other malignant tumors, costing 326.49 million CNY.
The results can provide evidence for the formulation of local cancer prevention and control strategies and public health decision-making.
Cancer is a major health problem in China. Integrated interventions have been implemented in key areas of Anhui, Henan, Jiangsu, and Shandong provinces with historically higher than average cancer mortality. Assessing the cancer mortality trend and its impact on life expectancy (LE) could help evaluate the effectiveness of interventions in these regions.
Based on the National Cause-of-Death Surveillance, we analyzed the standardized mortality rate (SMR) of cancer, cause eliminated life expectancy (CELE), potential gains in life expectancy (PGLEs), and rate of life lost in key areas of 4 provinces from 2008 to 2018. Joinpoint program was used to compute the average annual percentage change (AAPC) of cancer mortality. Arriaga’s decomposition method was used to estimate the contribution of cancer to LE in each age group.
From 2008 to 2018, cancer SMR decreased in the study region (AAPC=−3.09%, P<0.001), which increased LE. The positive effect was the greatest in the 75–79 age group (0.120 years, 2.90%), and the negative effect was the greatest in the 50–54 age group (–0.094 years, −2.20%). Compared to 2008, cancer CELE increased by 3.95 years, PGLEs increased by 0.32 years, and rate of life lost increased by 0.21% in 2018.
Cancer SMR decreased in key areas of 4 provinces from 2008 to 2018. This change had a positive effect on the increase of LE. However, the rate of life lost due to cancer increased. Integrated interventions should continue to further reduce the cancer burden.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks third among the most commonly diagnosed cancers in China. Despite proof that screening can decrease CRC incidence and mortality, there are still gaps remaining between CRC screening objectives and reality in China. In this review, we provided an overview of the status of CRC screening in China. First, we summarized the current CRC screening programs and strategies in China. Second, we reviewed the authoritative CRC screening and early detection guidelines in China to orient future evidence-based guideline development. Finally, we identified current challenges and further provided some suggestions to improve the implementation of CRC screening programs. To maximize the effectiveness of CRC screening, further research on risk prediction models including polygenic risk scores and prior screening outcomes, novel biomarkers and artificial intelligence, and personalized screening strategies are recommended. Both cohort study and microsimulation techniques are recommended for long-term evaluations of the effectiveness of CRC screening strategies.