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What is already known about this topic?
Campylobacter genus bacteria are recognized as some of the leading causes of the bacterial diarrheal illness in both developing and developed countries. Recent pilot surveillance study revealed Campylobacter is the most common pathogen in the diarrheal cases using the enhanced filtration methods in Beijing. One outbreak caused by multi-drug resistant Campylobacter coli ( C. coli ) was identified in 2018.
What is added by this report?
This is the first identified gastroenteritis outbreak caused by local Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni)
What are the implications for public health practice?
Campylobacter is the major foodborne pathogen in the world. Surveillance and risk assessment for Campylobacter infection particularly for Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) associated C. jejuni infection in China should closely monitored.
[1] | Li Y, Gu YX, Lv JC, Liang H, Zhang J, Zhang S, et al. Laboratory study on the gastroenteritis outbreak caused by a multidrug-resistant Campylobacter coli in China. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2020;17(3):187 − 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2019.2681CrossRef |
[2] | Li Y, Zhang S, He M, Zhang YC, Fu YY, Liang H, et al. Prevalence and molecular characterization of Campylobacter spp. isolated from patients with diarrhea in Shunyi, Beijing. Front Microbiol 2018;9:52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.00052CrossRef |
[3] | Zhang MJ, Gu YX, He LH, Ran L, Xia SL, Han XS, et al. Molecular typing and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of Campylobacter jejuni isolates from North China. J Med Microbiol 2010;59(10):1171 − 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.022418-0CrossRef |
[4] | Liang H, Wen ZY, Li Y, Duan YX, Gu YX, Zhang MJ. Comparison of the filtration culture and multiple real-time PCR examination for Campylobacter spp. from stool specimens in diarrheal patients. Front Microbiol 2018;9:2995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.02995CrossRef |
[5] | Davis KR, Dunn AC, Burnett C, McCullough L, Dimond M, Wagner J, et al. Campylobacter jejuni infections associated with raw milk consumption--Utah, 2014. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016;65(12):301-5. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6512a1.htm.https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6512a1.htm |
[6] | Oakeson KF, Wagner JM, Rohrwasser A, Atkinson-Dunn R. Whole-genome sequencing and bioinformatic analysis of isolates from foodborne illness outbreaks of Campylobacter jejuni and Salmonella enterica. J Clin Microbiol 2018;56(11):e00161-18. https://jcm.asm.org/content/56/11/e00161-18.https://jcm.asm.org/content/56/11/e00161-18 |
[7] | Zhang J, Xiong YW, Rogers L, Carter GP, French N. Genome-by-genome approach for fast bacterial genealogical relationship evaluation. Bioinformatics 2018;34(17):3025 − 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bty195CrossRef |
[8] | Bloomfield SJ, Midwinter AC, Biggs PJ, French NP, Marshall JC, Hayman DTS, et al. Long-term colonization by Campylobacter jejuni within a human host: evolution, antimicrobial resistance, and adaptation. J Infect Dis 2018;217(1):103 − 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jix561CrossRef |
[9] | Zhang MJ, Li Q, He LH, Meng FL, Gu YX, Zheng MH, et al. Association study between an outbreak of Guillain-Barre syndrome in Jilin, China, and preceding Campylobacter jejuni infection. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2010;7(8):913 − 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2009.0493CrossRef |
[10] | Zhang MJ, Gilbert M, Yuki N, Cao FF, Li JJ, Liu HY, et al. Association of Anti-GT1a Antibodies with an outbreak of Guillain-Barré syndrome and analysis of ganglioside mimicry in an associated Campylobacter jejuni strain. PLoS One 2015;10(7):e0131730. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0131730CrossRef |
FIGURE 1. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis with Sma I for 14 Campylobacter jejuni isolates from 12 patients and 2 food workers. Lanes 1, 5, 10, 15, 16 and 20: refercnce standard H9812; Lanes 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, and 17: C. jejuni isolates from 12 patients (isolate 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, and 14); Lanes 18 and 19: C. jejuni isolates from 2 food workers (36 and 37). All of the 14 isolates had the same PFGE pattern.
FIGURE 2. Difference matrix for alleles of the wgMLST with Fast-GeP analysis. Allele sequences were searched with BLAST+ (identity threshold ≥80). ARI1249 was used as the reference genome. The number of the loci in the reference genome was 1,667. The number of loci shared by the 15 genomic sequences was 1,649 and the number of the shared-loci that was found identical was 1,484. The shared-loci that was used to construct distance difference matrix was 1,644 (160 were polymorphic). Five shared-loci were excluded because of hypothetical gene duplication and 18 loci were excluded because of incomplete information (missing, truncation or containing nucleotide ambiguity). The horizontal and vertical columns of the matrix represent the isolates name. The number in the matrix indicated the different alleles numbers between the isolates in the horizontal and vertical. columns. The horizontal and vertical columns of the matrix represent the isolates name. The number in the matrix indicated the different alleles numbers between the isolates in the horizontal and vertical columns.
FIGURE 3. Neighbor-net phylogeny for alleles of cgMLST loci of 15 C. jejuni isolates. All of these 15 isolates were belonging to ST-6959. Red points representing the outbreak associated 13 isolates (isolate 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 36 and 37) and green points representing two sporadic isolates (SF-18Cj008 and ARI1249), one from local diarrheal patient, and another one from a diarrheal patient in UK. The blue circle representing the outbreak cluster.
Citation: |
What is already known about this topic?
Campylobacter genus bacteria are recognized as some of the leading causes of the bacterial diarrheal illness in both developing and developed countries. Recent pilot surveillance study revealed Campylobacter is the most common pathogen in the diarrheal cases using the enhanced filtration methods in Beijing. One outbreak caused by multi-drug resistant Campylobacter coli ( C. coli ) was identified in 2018.
What is added by this report?
This is the first identified gastroenteritis outbreak caused by local Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni)
What are the implications for public health practice?
Campylobacter is the major foodborne pathogen in the world. Surveillance and risk assessment for Campylobacter infection particularly for Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) associated C. jejuni infection in China should closely monitored.
Citation: |