Subscribe for E-mail Alerts
CCDC Weekly RSS Feed2021 Vol. 3, No. 48
There are 4,000 new HIV infections every day worldwide, and 31% of which are in adolescents aged 15–24 years old. However, previous study is not aware of the distribution of out-of-school youth among this age group.
The crude reporting rate of HIV/AIDS among out-of-school youth aged 15–24 years old increased from 5.25 per 100,000 persons in 2010 to 13.75 per 100,000 persons in 2020 with a weakly aggregated spatial distribution. Local hotspots spread from southwestern China to the central, eastern, and northeastern areas.
In the future, HIV/AIDS awareness among out-of-school youth and research on epidemic characteristics should be strengthened.
Prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a global health focus in most parts of the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) launched the dual Elimination of Mother-to-Child Transmission (EMTCT) of HIV and syphilis initiative and released global guidance on criteria and processes for validation of the EMTCT in 2014. The purpose of this report was to analyze the key validation indicators of EMTCT of HIV in China from 2011 to 2020 and to provide relevant basis information for the implementation of EMTCT action in China.
The report described the coverage of maternal HIV screening and antiretroviral therapy usage for HIV infected pregnant women and their infants in China using the data from the national information systems of PMTCT of HIV, syphilis, and HBV management from 2011 to 2020.
The rates of maternal HIV testing during pregnancy (predelivery and at labor) and predelivery increased from 92.9% (8,730,161/9,398,781) and 53.7% (5,050,569/9,398,781) to 99.9% (11,964,026/11,982,321) and 97.5% (11,679,924/11,982,321), respectively. The MTCT rate reduced from 7.4% to 3.6% between 2011 and 2020.
The data from the surveillance systems revealed that there was a marked increase in the coverage of HIV screening of pregnant women and antiretrovirals drugs use for HIV infected pregnant women and their infants in China from 2011 to 2020.
After thirty-two years since the first domestic outbreak of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/ acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) among injection drug users (IDUs) and almost two decades of comprehensive response efforts by the Chinese government, HIV/AIDS remains a major public health problem. The increasing burden of HIV/AIDS and comorbidities, the emergence of new HIV subtypes and/or circulating recombinant forms and drug mutations, the changing transmission networks, and the urgency of immediate antiretroviral therapy initiation upon an HIV diagnosis are increasingly challenging and altogether likely to have significant impact on the HIV epidemic in China. Upon the call for the global AIDS response to end AIDS by 2030, China needs to develop an innovative and pragmatic roadmap to address these challenges. This review is intended to provide a succinct overview of what China has done in efforts to achieve the global goal of ending AIDS by 2030 and the recently proposed “95-95-95-95” target (95% combination prevention, 95% detection, 95% treatment, 95% viral suppression), and to summarize the most recent progresses in the epidemiological research of HIV/AIDS in China with the aim of providing insights on the next generation of HIV control and prevention approaches and to shed light on upgrading the national strategy to end AIDS in this country.
