Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are a major public health problem in the world. NCDs are the leading cause of premature deaths and disabilities among Chinese residents, resulting in heavy economic and health burdens.

This study conducted a quantitative analysis of the policy texts on NCDs prevention and control in China from 1990 to 2020, based on the perspective of policy instruments. It was discovered that China’s NCDs prevention and control policies developed rapidly from the ground up over the 30 years from 1990 to 2020 and that the majority of China’s NCDs prevention and control policies were environment-oriented, while supply-oriented and demand-oriented policies were insufficient.

The findings of this study suggested that increasing supply-oriented and demand-oriented strategies should be prioritized in the future formulation and revision of NCDs prevention and control policies.

Since the launch of China Healthy Lifestyle for All (CHLA), each action area has been evaluated at the local level and effective results have been achieved in most areas.

Based on the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) model, the study found that there is an imbalance in the development of CHLA, and some of the action goals and indicators are not satisfactory.

A national action evaluation index system should be built to ensure the sustainability and scientific nature of this strategy. In addition, the government needs to attach great importance to CHLA to effectively help residents take health actions.