What is already known about this topic?

Both alveolar echinococcosis (AE) and cystic echinococcosis are endemic in China, among which alveolar echinococcosis has a very high mortality rate.

What is added by this report?

The survey results showed the prevalence and scope of AE in China and identified high-risk groups including children, monks, herdsmen and illiterate people. At the same time, all the cases found in the survey (more than 90% of the patients did not go to the hospital for diagnosis and treatment before survey) were promptly diagnosed and treated.

What are the implications for public health practice?

This study provides information for the development of a plan for AE prevention and control and for the implementation of interventions targeted to high-risk populations.

What is already known about this topic?

The Early Essential Newborn Care (EENC) intervention package recommended by World Health Organization (WHO) is shown to prevent and treat the leading causes of newborn illness and death. China has begun widespread implementation of the EENC.

What is added by this report?

Among the 14 core interventions, including using antibiotics for mothers with premature rupture of membranes, immediate skin-to-skin contact of mother and baby, delayed umbilical cord clamping, kangaroo mother care for preterm newborn, and neonatal sepsis and pneumonia management, were not sufficiently implemented in health facilities in western China.

What are the implications for public health practice?

There are gaps between the implementation situation and WHO recommendations in terms of EENC capacities in western China. Targeted interventions developed accordingly can ensure quality child health care and decrease newborn mortality in China.

What is already known about this topic?

The Co-Administration of Multiple Vaccines were implemented in many countries and have been shown to significantly reduce many times of visiting the vaccination clinic.

What is added by this report?

It is the first time to calculate the cost of visiting vaccination clinic from transportation and work-absence for children’s families in Guangdong.

What are the implications for public health practice?

We demonstrated the importance of Co-Administration of Multiple Vaccines that reduce the vaccination cost of children’s families. The policy should be promoted as soon as possible.